Excerpts from Fox6now.com:
A groundbreaking study in Illinois could change the way firefighters attack the hottest and most dangerous fires. The Milwaukee Fire Department is taking part in the study, but a retired New York City battalion chief says the researchers are all wet. It may sound elementary, but scientists in suburban Chicago are studying whether applying water on a fire from the outside should come before search and rescue on the inside.
“It’s an inherently dangerous profession,” says Erich Roden, battalion chief for the Milwaukee Fire Department. “Our ethos and our mission is to get inside that building as quickly as possible to rescue those trapped civilians.”
Roden is on the advisory board for Underwriters Laboratories, which recently invited firefighters from around the world to witness a first-of-its-kind experiment. Not just a controlled burn, but a live fire inside a fully-furnished, 1,200 square foot house, with temperature sensors, oxygen sensors, air flow sensors and video cameras.
“We couldn’t make measurements like this 30, 40 years ago,” said Steve Kerber, director of UL’s Fire Safety Research Institute. “Now we can.”
The tests are being driven, in part, by the way most homes have changed.
“There is a lot more synthetic material in our homes today, which means fires burn hotter and faster than they did 30 or 40 years ago,” says John Drengenberg, a spokesman for UL. “This means you have less time to escape.”
It also means that by the time firefighters get to a burning building, the fire may already be nearing its most dangerous point — a sudden, dramatic combustion event known as flashover.
“It used to take upwards of 20 to 30 minutes for a room to reach flashover stage. Now it’s down to as few as seven or eight minutes,” said Lloyd Bertram with the New Berlin Fire Department.
To prevent firefighters from getting trapped, UL is studying an alternative method of attack.
“A standard attack would involve usually going right through the front door, getting inside and searching for occupants,” Kerber said.
Instead, they’re employing what’s known as a transitional attack that starts outside. In the fire service, they call that “hitting it hard from the yard.”
“The occupants are on the inside, so the firefighters want to get to the inside as quickly as possible. But if the fire isn’t under control, that opening in the door can make the fire larger and now you are in a situation where you could potentially be making things worse for me inside,” Kerber said.
Hartland Fire Chief Dave Dean describes how his crews used transitional attack on a suburban garage fire.
“The fire was extremely hot. A lot of flames. Huge fire ball,” Dean said. “Before we were able to send anybody into that structure, we were able to cool the fire by a large diameter hose attack line outside… then entering the structure. It worked like clock-work.”
“I don’t fight fires like that,” said John Salka, a retired battalion chief for the New York City Fire Department. “I am not a scientist, but I have done some experiments myself. Like about 30,000 experiments. I’ve been to a lot of fires.”
Salka says experience tells him there’s no time to waste. In 2012, he wrote an opinion piece for Firehouse magazine titled, “Transitional Attack Is Whack.”
“Any minute that you delay going in to find a victim in a building puts them at greater risk,” he said.
In addition to delaying search and rescue, there’s another concern among old-school firefighters.
“The conventional teaching was that if you put water on a fire before you have had a chance to actually rescue a victim, you are, in essence, steaming that victim,” Bertram said.
“Am I doing what my grandfather taught me 30 years ago?” Kerber asked a room full of firefighters.
He says science is proving that theory wrong.
“It allows temperatures to cool off quickly, heat flux to go down, [and it’s] more survivable for occupants faster. The numbers don’t lie,” Roden said.
Salka is not convinced.
“They set all these beautiful controlled conditions up, do an experiment and then write down with their little pencils the results and say, look what happened.” Salka said. “It certainly is a lot easier and a lot safer to be out there than inside.”
He worries that the new approach is being driven by a desire among firefighters for self-preservation.
Data obtained by FOX6 News from the US Fire Administration shows civilian fire deaths have steadily declined over the past 40 years, but firefighter deaths have remained the roughly the same.
“So this research is focused on how to keep firefighters safe,” Drengenberg said.
“I’m fairly certain that it is designed to assist and protect firefighters, rather than civilians,” Salka said.
Milwaukee’s Erich Roden says they’re trying to do both.
“What we are learning here is a much more rapid application of water is going to allow us to get in there and rescue occupants much quicker and it is safer for the victim and for ourselves,” he said.
For some, the retired FDNY chief represents the stubborn old guard of the fire service.
“We’re very attached to the way we have always done things,” Roden said.
But the director of UL’s research says it’s not their place to tell firefighters how to do their jobs. “What we are going for is informing them,” Kerber said.
When the right approach is a matter of life and death, they just want to put the data behind the decision. The tests conducted by UL back in March are part of a three-year study that’s expected to be published later this year (2016). Fire departments can then use that information to determine the best approach for protecting their own personnel as well as victims who may be trapped inside a burning building.
thanks Dan
#1 by Otis Morgan on May 19, 2016 - 3:17 PM
Here in Belvidere/Boone County we are doing it a bit different.
Boone County first responders join forces with OSF Saint Anthony
By Mary Sugden, Producer Posted: Jan 12, 2016 7:01 PM CST
A new emergency response initiative in Boone County is helping
first respondersofficers and firefighters prepare for the unthinkable.Today OSF Saint Anthony announced it has joined forces with the Belvidere Fire Department, Police Department, and Boone County Sheriff’s Department. Together they are forming a Tactical Emergency Medical Services Team.
“If you look at the amount of violent crimes that are occurring and crimes against officers and firefighters it can be pretty conclusively determined that it’s not a matter if it’s going to happen in our area, it’s a matter of when,” says TEMS OSF Director Dr. Stephen Minore.
The team is the first of its kind in the area, and will provide medical care at an active scene rather than moving patients to a different area. The goal of the new initiative is to get medical care to victims and
first respondersofficers and firefighters as quickly as possible.“It can happen anywhere as we found out at Sandy Hook, at New Town, Connecticut, a small town” says Belvidere Fire Chief Al Hyser. “It can absolutely happen anywhere and we want to be ready for some of those incidents.”
The team has already been successfully deployed during a barricade situation.
#2 by FireTroll on May 19, 2016 - 12:53 PM
I am waiting for Mr. Salka’s next opinion piece: Turnout Gear Is For Sissies. See, time wasted putting on those dainty trousers and frilly hoods could be spent rescuing people. Why, in his day he’d leap from rooftop to rooftop across New York diving into fires with nothing but a cape of wetted leather for protection. And he’d make each rescued person promise to go out and kill a Commie. Ok, maybe I made that last part up…
#3 by JV on May 19, 2016 - 9:44 AM
One of the worst things you can do is not even consider the fact that this new information might be true. Who knows which is the better option, testing and years of data can figure that out. I also understand that we shouldn’t just all jump on this new bandwagon of tactics before much more evidence is presented. Most of the time we can’t accomplish the “old” tactics the way they are supposed to be done because of low manpower anyway.
#4 by Chuck on May 18, 2016 - 11:54 PM
Chief Salka had a 33 year FDNY career. Says he’s been to thirty THOUSAND fires (give or take,) Let’s do the math….even calculating a basic 24 hour chart,(because calculating his firefighting hours under the FDNY’s group chart is impossible,really,) accounting for vacations, etc. let’s say conservatively he worked 110 “days” a year. Times 33 years, that’s 3,300 days. That means (according to his “math”) he went to 9 fires A DAY every DAY of his FDNY career. Exaggeration makes for good resume blurbs, but is a terrible teaching tool. FDNY fights fires from the interior? Good for them. They have the resources to throw an unlimited amount of men at a fire. Other cities and departments do not.
#5 by FFPM571 on May 18, 2016 - 8:32 PM
How does it go? 150 years of tradition unimpeded by progress. Sure lets get ourselves killed for the outside chance of finding a victim who is most likely already dead from the inhalation of toxic gasses and thermal burns that have already taken their lives. Why not cool the structure and make it safer for us to enter and make an attack. If the fire has already self vented its a good chance that it has already flashed over and who and what ever is in that part of the structure is a loss.