The Chicago Sun-Times has an article with photos commemorating the life of veteran Chicago Batatlion Chief Oswald B. Lewis who died recently:
Through the Blizzard of ’67, the spectacular blaze that same year that destroyed Chicago’s first McCormick Place, and the 1968 riots that decimated the West Side, Oswald B. Lewis was there.
Mr. Lewis, who rose to the rank of battalion chief with the Chicago Fire Department, worked on Snorkel Squad 3, considered the busiest snorkel squad in the city. The unit, located at Francisco and Fillmore and later at Erie and Western, received about 20 fire calls a day — or nearly 7,000 runs a year.
“It was a crack outfit. They were running their wheels off,” said Kenneth Little, a department historian and retired fire-alarm operator, who added that firefighting improved with the squads’ then-new, flexible snorkels. “Everybody knew this guy was going places.”
Mr. Lewis knew his equipment. He didn’t ask anything of his firefighters that he wouldn’t do himself. He was adept at getting in and out of burning buildings. And he made sure no one was left behind.
“I got turned around in a basement and he came down looking for me and he found me,” retired Fire Lt. Mike Dineen said. “We both worked our way back out of there.”
“He always gave credit to us firefighters,” said Pete Cunningham, a retired deputy district chief. “If you did something worthwhile at a fire, he’d write you up for an award. He was always doing those extra things.”
Mr. Lewis, who joined the department in 1955, was considered an inspiration to young African-American firefighters. And he was a respected leader throughout a department with as many layers of tribal strata — racial, political, social — as its hometown. He died May 21 at Mercy Hospital. He was 89.
One of his toughest times on the department occurred when the West Side went up in flames after the 1968 shooting of civil rights leader the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. In addition to fighting fires, he had to duck homemade missiles lobbed by grief-furious rioters.
“It got to the point we had to be escorted by police,” said Jim Syler, a retired acting battalion chief. “If you drove on the Congress Expressway [now the Eisenhower], they were throwing bricks and rocks on the expressway at cars.”
Chicago’s first African-American firefighter was hired in 1872, said Little, who has co-authored four books on the department. But firehouses were largely segregated until about the mid-1960s, according to Dekalb Walcott Jr., a retired battalion chief who is working on a Chicago African American Firefighters Museum.
Mr. Lewis hit the books hard to ensure promotions, his daughter said. “He didn’t have a patron, he didn’t come from Bridgeport, he wasn’t Irish or Italian,” she said, “so you had to earn your peer’s respect. While it was good for him to be on the scene fighting fires and showing courage and leadership, he also had to pass those exams.”
His communication skills also helped him succeed, said Les Outerbridge, a retired fire engineer who co-founded the Afro American Firefighters League. “He could connect with people, [he was] very soft-spoken, very well-read, so he could really hold a conversation with just about everybody.”
After retiring from the department in 1979, he worked for the Occupational and Safety and Health Administration and at the National Safety Council.
thanks Dan
#1 by Bill C. on July 3, 2014 - 2:26 PM
Down in the ozarks , wonderful place. Grandparents were from Mountain Home, Ark.
#2 by Steve Redick on July 3, 2014 - 9:06 AM
My Dad is living in Bull Shoals Arkansas and will be 86 this year..He worked very closely with Ozzy Lewis and I remember him coming to our home for dinner on at least 1 occasion
#3 by Steve Redick on July 3, 2014 - 9:04 AM
Mike Mc….Yup..the Captain of SS3 was quite a guy…… 😉
#4 by tom sullivan on July 3, 2014 - 8:00 AM
bill,
as I recall the fire on Kenmore did not get boxed, it was on the top floor and everything went well in getting a good hit on it, despite being a little short handed. running with 3 men from the start of the day was not a usual practice, on that day the regular officer was detailed to medical and returned to the company later in the day. all the 4 man companies would have 3 men for an hour when the cook would go shopping, so there was precedent, what was unusual (for a single engine house) was having 2 blue shirts in the front seat, although that had happened before.
e-83 , t-22, e-78, and all the other companies along the lake front had a lot of experience and teamwork and did the best they could.
the flying squad concept was a poor one, depending on a squad coming from a distance to assist still alarm engine & truck companies (running with less manpower) just didn’t work. when fms 6 started following 83 & 78 they were doing 20 + runs a day and the rig was breaking down frequently. the booster tanks on the all flying squad rigs had already been ordered dry by this time, due to the pounding they were taking.
as the manpower levels citywide declined through the late 70’s, 5 man companies became a rarity. even the flying squads were depleted, fms 6 was down to 2 at times. the striking of boxes & extra alarms was a partial solution, but a poor one.
#5 by Dennis on July 2, 2014 - 8:33 PM
Phil Stenholm, correction to the Engine Co. 92 reorganized. Engine Co. 92 was not in the EX-Village of Mt. Greenwood Firehouse. Engine Co. 92 was reorganized around the corner in a leased building. The village of Mt. Greenwood Firehouse/Police station was on the site of what is now the quarters of Engine Co. 92, Truck Co. 45 & Ambulance Co. 17 which opened in 1949. As of now I haven’t found out when the old village firehouse was torn down but my father recalled the property being clear when construction started on 92’s new house.
#6 by Bill Post on July 2, 2014 - 7:50 PM
Tom that was an interesting story about Engine 78 only running with 3 men on it when they caught that fire on Kenmore north of Irving Park.
I was wondering if the 20 th Battalion (or anyone for that matter) had asked for a Still and Box alarm on that fire. I hope that wasn’t a common occurrence for Engine 78 to be running with only 3 men on board.
Engine 78 was really supposed to be one of the 5 man companies and they didn’t have a Flying Squad responding with them normally. Flying Manpower Squad 6 didn’t respond east of Ashland avenue into Engine 78’s district .
I do recall however that for a very short period sometime in the mid to late 1970’s Flying Squad 6 had it’s still district temporarily enlarged where it did respond east of Ashland avenue so it could follow Engines 83 and 78 on still alarms. That didn’t last very long however and they had gone back to their original still district after a while.
Flying Manpower Squad 6 didnn’t usually respond east of Ashland until Bryn Mawr avenue or north of there where they would follow Engines 70 and 102 which were normally 4 man companies.
#7 by Bill Post on July 2, 2014 - 7:19 PM
Thanks for the correction Phil. Being that Engine 4’s old quarters (1244 N Halsted) was only 3 blocks east of Engine 90 I automatically thought that Engine 90 must have been a fire boat as Engine 90 ‘s location was just west of the River on Goose Island at 1016 W Division.
As you know at one time some fire stations and companies had been located much closer together but being being that the two stations were only 3 blocks apart I mistakenly thought that Engine 90 was a fireboat. I know that Engine 15 had been out of service for a long time when they put it back in service in 1957 and I also knew that Engine 86 also was out of service for a long time when they were put back in service in 1955 but I was unaware of the plans that had been made for Engine 90.
Even though I was aware of Engine 71 being a fireboat on the Northside i was unaware of it’s original location. Thanks for the information.
#8 by Phil Stenholm on July 2, 2014 - 12:28 PM
BILL: Just one slight correction to your excellent summary of the 1960’s.
Engine Co. 90 was never a fireboat company. It was organized as a land-based engine company in a leased wood-frame firehouse (owned by Armour & Co.) at 1016 W. Division on Goose Island in 1900, and was disbanded along with seven other engine companies (7, 10, 15, 32, 86, 105, and 118) during the Great Depression in 1931-32.
Engine Co. 90 was supposed to go back into service with newly created Truck Co. 59 in the new firehouse at 8026 S. Kedzie in 1957, but the CFD decided to placed Engine Co. 15 back in service at that house instead (Engine Co. 15 had been disbanded the same day as Engine Co. 90 in 1932). Engine Co. 90 was only engine company of the seven taken out of service in 1931-32 that has never been reactivated.
Engine Co. 71 and Engine Co. 92 started their careers as fireboat companies, though, with Engine Co. 71 originally assigned to the 14th Battalion at the World’s Columbian Exposition (Jackson Park Lagoon) in 1892 (fireboat moved to Goose Island in 1894 after the fair closed), and Engine Co. 92 at the Deering Harvester Co. (later International-Harvester) plant at Fullerton & the North Branch of the Chicago River 1902-06 (company kept in service as a fireboat manpower replacement company until 1924).
Engine Co. 71 was relocated from Goose Island to Engine 92’s quarters at the Deering Harvester plant in 1910, and was disbanded in 1925, leaving the North Branch of the Chicago River without a fireboat company.
Both Engine Co. 71 and Engine Co. 92 were reborn as land-based engine companies in 1927, with 71 organized in a new firehouse at 6239 N. California Avenue on the far north side (27th Battalion) and and 92 organized at the ex-Mt. Greenwood Vol. F. D. house at 11050 S. Albany on the far southwest side.
#9 by tom sullivan on July 2, 2014 - 8:46 AM
in regards to chief lewis, he was highly respected for his leadership and technical knowledge. I have talked with men who worked with him and they had only good things to say about him.
bill, to go along with other the comments you do have an outstanding knowledge of the cfd !
the manpower situation of the late1970’s bordered on ridiculous. some companies were down to 3 men to start the day. one glaring example , e-78 responded to a still alarm on Kenmore av. north of irving park, with 3 firefighters, an acting lieut. an acting engr. and 1 ff on the back step. it was a working fire on the 3rd floor of the typical apt. buildings of the area. the leadout of 21/2 ” line was started by the 2 ffs from e-78 and when the 20th bttn. chief and his driver arrived they helped with getting the line up. in those days everyone did more than their share of work to get the job done !
#10 by Chuck on July 2, 2014 - 1:36 AM
Bill, between you and Kenny Little, the breadth of your information on the CFD history is amazing. Thanks for that highly informative post.
#11 by DMc77 on July 1, 2014 - 10:55 PM
Bill mentions E105’s old house on Erie – as of 2 or so years ago it has been torn down. The last I saw of it – if I remember correctly it was still in use by the city for Streets and Sanitation. I didn’t hear anything about why it closed and was torn down.
#12 by Bill Post on July 1, 2014 - 8:32 PM
Jim I will start with the High Point when it came to Engine companies in service. Even though Chicago’s Highest numbered Engine is 129, Chicago didn’t really run with that many Engines as several of them were fireboats. Chicago also ran with an Engine 130 out of Navy Pier during World War 2 which of course was temporary.
In recent years Chicago’s High point when it came to Engine companies was from 1960 to 1963. At that time Chicago had 123 Engine companies in service. Engines 37,41 and 58 were all fireboats at the time and Engines 3,31 and 90 were all out of service. Engine 3 had been taken out of service on May 16th 1956 in order to put Truck 58 in service. Engine 31 was taken out of service on February 1st 1954 to create Truck 56 and Engine 90 had been out of service since January 15 1932. Engine 90 was formerly a fireboat.
During 1963 the Chicago fire department began taking Engine companies out of service.
During 1963 Engine companies 2,6 and 40 were taken out of service. During 1965 Engines 12,27,48, and 52 were taken out of service. During 1966 Engine 66 was taken out of service. During 1967 Engines 36,53,111,105 and 21 were taken out of service. During 1968 Engines 11 and 17 were taken out of service. During 1969 Engines 9, 33,87,114 and 128 were taken out of service.
Between 1963 and 1969 (6 years) 20 engines were taken out of service. Several of those Engines were put back in service some years later such as Engine’s 11,9 and 12. Several more Engines have since been taken out of service since then such as Engines 20,24,25,51,61,67,77 ,85 and 118. Chicago had 123 Engines at the end of 1962 and only 103 by the end of 1969.
As far at Truck companies go Trucks 54 through 60 were put in service in the 1950’s.
Engine 32 and Truck 60 were both put in service on December 21st 1959. Engine 32 had been out of since 1931 and Truck 60 was a totally new company.
Truck 61 was put in service as a new company on August 27th 1961 at Engine 81’s quarters where an addition was built ,however on December 30th 1971, Truck 61 was relocated to their current quarters where they were in a new single Truck house until November 1st 1986 when Engine 104 moved in with them.
Truck 62 was put in service on July 9th 1964 at their current station however on August 1st 1963 Truck 6 along with Engine 40 was taken out of service when their station was closed (at 119 N Franklin street) so there were only 61 Trucks in service at the time. Truck 63 wasn’t put in service until May Ist 1969. Trucks 43 and 46 both were taken out of service on November 16th 1971.
So from 1960 through 1969 Chicago went from 60 to 62 Truck companies as Truck 6 was taken out of service in 1963.
Chicago also had a High of 13 Squad companies. The Snorkel Squads were a separate type of Squad company of which there were a total of 3 Snorkel Squads.
If you include both the Squads and the Snorkel Squads then Chicago had a high of 15 Squads when Snorkel Squad 2 was put in service on September 4th 1963 at Engine 60’s new (at the time) quarters.
That didn’t last very long however as on July 9th 1964 Squad 12 was taken out of service in order to put Truck 62 in service at Engine 80’s new house.
Snorkel Squad 3 was put in service on May 16th 1965 which was the same day that Squad 7 was taken out of service and Snorkel 1 was officially taken out of service.
Snorkel Squad 3 had gone in service at 2858 W Fillmore street which the day before had been Squad 7’s and Engine 66’s quarters. While Squad 7 went out of service Engine 66 was relocated to Engine 44’s old quarters at 3138 w Lake street. Engine 66 was taken out of service less then a year later however. Snorkel 1 had been located at Engine 109 and Truck 32’s old quarters however they had become the first section of Snorkel Squad 3 on May 16th.
On December 5th of 1966 Squad 2 was taken out of service at Engine 5’s quarters and was replaced by Salvage Unit 1 using the same apparatus. That didn’t designation didn’t last very long however as on February 2nd 1967 Salvage Unit 1 became Salvage Squad 2 as on the same day Squad 1 had become Salvage Squad 1. The Salvage Squads were still Squad companies but with additional Salvage covers and equipment. As of February 2nd 1967 there were 11 Squads (which included Salvage Squads 1 and 2) and there were 3 Snorkel Squads that were still in service.
As to your question regarding manpower per company you will find that before 1967 there were normally 5 men assigned to an Engine company and 5 men assigned to a Truck company. Six men were assigned to the standard Squad companies and usually 7 men were assigned to the 3 Snorkel Squads as the Snorkel Squads were assigned an Engineer because their second piece was a Fog Pressure Unit which was in effect a mini/type of pumper and because it had pumps on it was required to have an Engineer driving it. The Fog Pressures had about 300 gallons of water and two narrow diameter booster reels with High Pressure Fog (gun type) Nozzles on them and were used for quick knock downs of fires and were also used where there were limited accessibility or limited hydrants such as on expressways. The Chicago Fire Department also had 12 separate Fog Pressure companies in service which were in addition to the 3 Fog Pressures that were assigned as second pieces to the Snorkel Squads.
The Fog Pressure companies normally ran with 3 men assigned which included an Engineer, an officer and a firefighter. Chicago also ran with a high of 7 Snorkel companies, (6 after May 16th 1965) which usually ran with 3 men.
Nineteen sixty seven was a watershed year for the Chicago Fire Department and when I say watershed it was for the worse and not the better. In mid 1967 the Chicago fire fighters were given by the city an extra day off ,however the city didn’t want to hire additional men to make up for the manpower shortfall due to the extra time off. Because of that by mid 1967 the Chicago Fire Department had started reducing the manpower at first on some of the Squad companies by having only a driver assigned to some of them and having them respond only on Still and Box Alarms or when called for. Several of the Squads were also taken out of service during 1967 as well. Squad 3 went out of service on April 17 when they were totaled in an accident and not replaced. Squads 6 and 13 were taken out of service on June 16th 1967. Squad 8 and Squad 10 were made into 1 man companies on the same date. On July 26th Squad 10 was taken our of service and Squad 5 was made into a one man company. By the end of 1967 only Salvage Squads 1,2 and Squads 4 and 9 and 11 were fully manned. By February of 1968 the only Squads that remained in service were Salvage Squads 1 and 2 and Squads 4 and 9.
During the later half of 1967 the manpower on the Engines on the Trucks were inconsistent and it wasn’t known if they would have 4 or 5 men on duty for the shift.
Because the city had refused to hire more people to keep the manning consistent on the fire companies the city had rehired a consultant in 1968 to do a study and make recommendations on how to efficiently run the fire department without adding positions to the payroll.
The study had recommended that Engine and Trucks that were located downtown and in the busy areas have 5 men normally assigned to them while all of the other Engines and Trucks run with only 4 men assigned to them. The consultant had also recommended that 6 and later 7 Flying Manpower Squads be created to respond with the 4 man companies to make up for the manpower shortage.
The consultant also had recommended that some companies be taken out of service as well.
Amongst them he had recommended that all 3 Snorkel Squads be taken out of service and that Salvage Squad 1 remain in service downtown. Fire Commissioner Robert J Quinn had taken only Snorkel Squads 2 and 3 out of service and kept Snorkel Squad 1 in service. In the fall of 1968 five additional Salvage Squads were created and during 1969 six Flying Manpower Squads were created however Salvage Squad 1 was taken out of service at the time.
By the end of 1969 Chicago was running with 1 Snorkel Squad, 6 Salvage Squads and 6 Flying Manpower Squads which made for a grand total of 13 Squads.
The consultant had recommended in a follow up study in 1971 that a 7th Flying Manpower Squad be created and that 2 of the 6 Salvage Squads be taken out of service. He also had specific recommendations for new Box Style Heavy rescue apparatus to be purchased for the Flying Manpower Squads as they were using old pumpers at the time.
By January 1st 1973 the last of the 4 remaining Salvage Squads were out of service and by the end of 1973 the Flying Manpower Squads were all equipped with new Mack /Platt Heavy rescue style apparatus.
The Chicago fire department also had a High of 31 Battalions since February 16th 1962 when Battalion 31 was put in service at Midway Airport. During 1969 Battalions 5,6 and 9 were taken out of service as part of fire company reductions. Snorkel company 2 was taken out of service on February 16 1969 and Snorkel 7 was destroyed on July 7th 1970 when a burned out building’s wall collapsed on it killing firefighter Jack Walsh. The Snorkel was never replaced.
#13 by Jim on July 1, 2014 - 12:37 PM
Bill,
How many companies (engines, trucks, squads) were in service back then? What was the staffing per company back then?
#14 by Mike Mc on July 1, 2014 - 12:36 PM
Snorkel Squad 3 was the busiest fire company in the country in 1966, one of the few times that title did not go to an FDNY company.
I heard that the captain of Snorkel Squad 3 was quite a fireman also.
#15 by Bill Post on July 1, 2014 - 11:55 AM
As a clarification of the 1968 run statistics for Snorkel Squad 3.
They had gone out on 5773 fire alarms in 1968. They also had gone out on 179 special duty (rescue) runs and their total for 1968 was actually 5952 runs for 1968 , the last full year that they were in service.
#16 by Bill Post on July 1, 2014 - 11:31 AM
That was a great article remembering the late Chief Ozzie Lewis. It also brings back memories of the Original Snorkel Squads , particularly Snorkel Squad 3 (SS 3). Not only was Snorkel Squad 3 the busiest Snorkel Squad but they were using the Original 1958 GMC/ Pitman Snorkel which was originally assigned to Snorkel 1. The irony is that during the 4 years that Snorkel Squad 3 was ” in service” that for over 2 of those 4 years Snorkel Squad 3 ran without their Snorkel which was permanently taken out of service when getting stuck in a Snowdrift during the Great Blizzard of January 26th,1967.
It wasn’t until around December 10th 1968 (only about 5 months before going out of service) that Snorkel Squad 3 was officially redesignated as Rescue Squad 3. When they were relocated to Engine 105’s former quarters at 2337 W Erie in September of 1967 they hadn’t used their Snorkel for about 8 months and yet they were still officially designated as “Snorkel Squad 3”.
The Snorkel Squads were dispatched on the initial still alarms in their districts (along with the Engines and Trucks) in those days and they didn’t wait for a confirmation of a working fire to be dispatched, like today. All 3 of the Snorkel Squads (at the time) ran city wide on 2-11 alarms as well. Yes all three Snorkel Squads would be dispatched to the same 2-11 alarms if they were available. Part of the reason for that is that they were they all carried K/12 power saws , Airmasks and multiversals which the Engines and Trucks didn’t carry at the time. The Trucks didn’t start getting the K/12’s until late 1967/68 and the same goes for putting multiversal’s on the Engine companies.The Airmasks (SCBA’s) weren’t put on the Engines and Trucks until well into the mid to late 1970’s.
During 1968 (the last full year that Snorkel Squad 3 was in service) they had gone out on 5773 alarms. That wasn’t bad for a “Snorkel less” Snorkel Squad.